Figure 1.

Representative HPLC chromatograms. (A) Coptis trifolia. (B) Hydrastis canadensis. (C) Coptis chinenesis. All three herbs contain hydrastinine and berberine. Coptisine is present in Coptis trifolia and Coptis chinenesis. Palmatine is only detected in Coptis chinensis, whereas hydrastine is only present in Hydrastis canadensis.